PV-8 maggio 2008 RPC Barrel Status del Commissioning P. Vitulo Bari/Frascati/Napoli/Pavia

PV-8 maggio 2008 Overview  Stato dell’installazione: cabling, elettronica  Stato del commissioning:  Tower test  TTU test  Gas P5  Closed  Gas Gain Monitoring  Sommario Commissioning  Addenda: Report on gas leak (from A. Colaleo) Report on Power System (P. Paolucci) Report on Gas Gain Monitor (S. Bianco)

PV-8 maggio 2008 UXC Hardware BARREL Status WheelDetect-tower cables (HV-LV-DCS cables) Link Boxes Link Boards LV easy crates LV modules RBCTower cables MAO W+2 ok W+1 ok W0 ok W-1 ok W-2 ok 50% ok Overall Status: Missing half LV modules for W-2 LV modules expected in April/May at CERN  Status installazione:cabling, elettronica

PV-8 maggio 2008 WheelHV cables –patch panel HV Easy Crates HV distrib. EASY – majiste SY1527 local cable HV multicond. Cable test HV modulesTrigger cables from UXC-USC W+2 ok ½ okok W+1 ok ½ okok W0 ok ½ okok W-1 ok nook W-2 ok nook USC55 hardware BARREL Status Overall status: HV modules not all in place : modules for only 3 half wheels Action:We move from one easy crates to the other in order to test the chambers. All missing modules will be at CERN in April/May First delivery phase: HV modules were affected by offset instability Second delivery phase (middle of March): HV modules were affected by negative offsets. Action: we solved the problem by software.

PV-8 maggio 2008 Steps towards full system commissioning: Commissioning steps Commissioning steps 1.Local commissioning from chamber to tower : Tower tests with random trigger 2.Commissioning with cosmics: test with RBC-TTU, efficiency studies (FEB threshold and HV working point ) 2.Commissioning of the full detector/DAQ/Trigger chain Global Runs/Minidaq  Status Commissioning

PV-8 maggio 2008 Test full hardware chain and initial detector performance 1)Connectivity Test Strip Connectivity Test – dead strips FEB – LB Connectivity Test – swapped cables Noisy FEB 2)Threshold Scan Noise rate as a function of HV and threshold. Tower test  Status Commissioning

PV-8 maggio 2008 Example: Average Noise in all chambers in sect W+1 Masked noisy strip Single Noisy FEB HV 9200V

PV-8 maggio 2008 Noise distribution including all sectors of each Th = 220 mV W0 Number of noisy strips (> 10 Hz/cm 2 ) is 0.6 % Average noise is about 0.4 Hz/cm2 Th = 220 mV W+2 Number of noisy strips (> 10 Hz/cm 2 ) is 0.2 % Average noise is about 0.5 Hz/cm2 W+2 W0

PV-8 maggio 2008  Tower Test done for 10/10 towers so far  W-2 Tower Test finished end of April 2008 Several inversions of signal cables, which were swapped either in LB or on CH side: solved 1-2 partition/ wheel not acknowledged (no threshold control, feb set at default threshold=200 mV) noisy FEB (~ % / tower) dead strips (~ % / tower) All problems reported in a web page. Complete map of all hardware problems: shift operator must check it before operate the chamber. Tower test summary  Status Commissioning

PV-8 maggio 2008 W+2 PENDING PROBLEMS Low priority problems : Noise strips Medium priority problem : No threshold control, high number of dead strips, small gas leak. Chamber can operate with care High priority problem: big gas leak, HV, LV problem, DSS problem: Chamber cannot operate

PV-8 maggio 2008 W+1 PENDING PROBLEMS Low priority problems : Noise strips Medium priority problem : No threshold control, high number of dead strips, small gas leak. Chamber can operate with care High priority problem: big gas leak, HV, LV problem, DSS problem: Chamber cannot operate Chamber ok but flow cell readout problem prevent to monitor the gas flow: need support from CERN gas group. Several noisy strips that can disappear under different environmental condition + few dead strips (yellow problems)

PV-8 maggio 2008 W0 PENDING PROBLEMS Low priority problems : Noise strips Medium priority problem : No threshold control, high number of dead strips, small gas leak. Chamber can operate with care High priority problem: big gas leak, HV, LV problem, DSS problem: Chamber cannot operate Serious gas leak : known problem

PV-8 maggio 2008 W-1 PENDING PROBLEMS Low priority problems : Noise strips Medium priority problem : No threshold control, high number of dead strips, small gas leak. Chamber can operate with care High priority problem: big gas leak, HV, LV problem, DSS problem: Chamber cannot operate

PV-8 maggio 2008 Goal of this project is to produce an RPC-based cosmic ray trigger for the Commissioning of RPCs, the Cosmic Challenge and later running of CMS as Technical Trigger Local trigger: based on 1 Sector, is being used to test RPCs (and DTs) during Commissioning and Cosmic Challenge Global trigger (Technical Trigger): based on the whole Barrel, will be used during CMS for the detector calibration, Tracker Alignment … LBBox RBC LBBox RBC LBBox RBC LBBox RBC LBBox RBC LBBox RBC LBBox UXC area Barrel Wheel USC area TTU 6 Fibers/wheel Fiber GLOBAL TRIGGER RBC (RPC Balcony Collector) Technical Trigger Unit TTU Technical Trigger  TTU status

PV-8 maggio 2008 Local Trigger: RBC The Local Trigger is implemented in the RPC Balcony Collector (RBC) The RBC is housed in the Link Board Boxes around the detector and produces 2 Sector Triggers, making coincidences among OR signals of 96 strips (half RPC) received by the Link Boards The RBC sends also a copy of the ORs to the Counting Room on optical link, for the Technical Trigger implementation Full production of 30 (+ 2 spares) RBCs done and installed RBC on mother board Technical Trigger  TTU status

PV-8 maggio 2008 Technical Trigger: TTU The Technical Trigger is implemented in the Technical Trigger Unit (TTU), housed in the Trigger Crate in Counting Room It will receive the ORs from 1 Barrel Wheel and find cosmic patterns, providing Wheel-level Trigger These features can be exploited by the Trigger Board (Warsaw), loading the cosmic patterns in the Pattern Comparator (new firmware) 3 Trigger Boards-TTU cover the whole Barrel (20 sectors/TTU) 1 TTU installed, the remaining 2 (+ 1 spare) will be delivered in May Pattern Comparator Technical Trigger  TTU status

PV-8 maggio 2008 Installation of RBC boards on the detector towers and cabling: done Installation of TTU boards in USC55: 1 out of 3 (can cover about 2 wheels) The installation will be completed as soon as full production of Trigger Boards (Warsaw) will be delivered Validation of implemented algorithm with local readout and minidaq. Test started on W+1 in March 1.At sector level 2.Tower level (Only with sect for the moment) 3.Wheel level (need full TBs system installed) Study the timing calibration for cosmic muons Xcheck with DT trigger Coupling with Global Trigger Provide Trigger for any cosmic run, May Global Run and CMS startup TTU Trigger status  TTU status

PV-8 maggio 2008 The TTU is being used for RPC commissioning since December 2007 to study detector efficiency, cluster size, occupancy … Typical “TTU” events Technical Trigger  Cosmic test with TTU Commissioning with cosmics Commissioning with cosmics

PV-8 maggio 2008 Commissioning with cosmics Commissioning with cosmics  Cosmic test with TTU Efficiency Studies

PV-8 maggio 2008 Commissioning with cosmics Commissioning with cosmics  Cosmic test with TTU Performance plots with RPC Standalone Reconstruction Average efficiency vs Roll (W+1) Residuals (Rec-Estrapolated) for one half chamber

PV-8 maggio 2008 Cosmic muon, with “RPC digis”, “trajectory seed” and “reconstructed track”. W0 sector10 W0 sector11 µW0 21 Global Runs Since May 07 global commissioning exercises with installed detectors and electronics. RPC Partecipation in July-Sept-Nov 07: More and more slices of the system integrated in the CMS Global Runs. Next partecipation 5-12 May with W+1, W+2, W0 full near towers  Global Runs/Minidaq

PV-8 maggio 2008 σ = 1.3 cm Residuals distribution 22 Matching between the extrapolated point (from reconstructed track with DT) and the RPC “Rec-Hit”. Residual’s distributions can be calculated and the resolution (along local-x coordinates) can be estimated.  Global Runs/Minidaq Local Efficiency average value of about 96% Global Runs

PV-8 maggio 2008 Online DQM Web Interface y x 23  Global Runs/Minidaq

PV-8 maggio 2008 WHV test UXC-USC LV, DCS test Tower testcosmic test with RBC-TTU (sect ) W+2ok May W+1ok March-April W0ok April-May W-1ok June W-2okFar side by middle of April June Summary of Commissioning status and plan Summary of Commissioning status and plan  Status commissioning e pianificazione Full system commissioned with cosmic runs by July

PV-8 maggio 2008 RPC gas system  Status of Gas System

PV-8 maggio 2008 Status Supplier: ok Mixer: ok Humidifier: ok Purifiers: ok Pre-distribution and pump: ok Final distribution:ok Status Supplier: ok Mixer: ok Humidifier: ok Purifiers: ok Pre-distribution and pump: ok Final distribution:ok GAS system P5  Status of Gas System

PV-8 maggio 2008 Status del commissioning del P5  Il sistema finale funziona ed è stabile sulla W0. Dal 20 aprile aggiunta la W2 (in entrambi i casi e solo per ragioni di costi, ci stiamo limitando alla torre near: 6 settori). Le camere della W0 sono ON (sul sistema finale) dal 10 aprile.  Previsto un sistema di interlock collegato al sistema di HV in caso di stop del sistema di gas.  La qualità della miscela è costantemente monitorata con: GC, misuratore di O2 e H2O  la concentrazione di aria nella miscela che torna dalle camere è a livelli piuttosto bassi  L'umidificatore è in funzione e stiamo monitorando l'umidità del gas sia dopo l'umidificatore, sia a livello del distributore sulla W0 (2 canali hanno sensori di umidità sulla linea di supply e su quella di return).  L'umidità relativa della miscela è 40%.  La temperatura è di circa 20 C.  Il flusso per canale di almeno 15 l/h.  Entrambi i filtri sono in uso: la miscela che torna dalle camere passa attraverso i filtri e va in aria per ora (open loop). Il gas viene analizzato regolarmente prima e dopo i filtri.  Se non ci saranno maggiori intoppi, inizieremo il ricircolo verso la metà di maggio (dopo circa un mese di run in open mode). Partiremo con una frazione di miscela nuova dell'ordine del 40-50%.  Status of Gas System

PV-8 maggio 2008 Oracle Portal (framework) e Web Based Monitoring (Interfaccia) usati per accedere offline alle informazioni immagazzinate nel DB OMDS (database generale dei rivelatori dell’esperimento) da PVSS High Voltage Current and Temp. Gas Flow Plot over time  Status of Gas System Gas monitoring tools  L’interfaccia Web Based Monitoring è usata per il monitoraggio offline delle correlazioni tra gas flow e corrente durante il commissioning  I dati (HV, Corrente, flow IN, Flow OUT) sono trasferiti ad una lista di utenti ogni 8 ore con le informazioni delle 16 ore precedenti per tutti i rivelatori di ogni ruota.

PV-8 maggio 2008  Status of Gas System

PV-8 maggio 2008  Status of Gas System ISR (CERN Gas Group (Roberto Guida) + Gruppo RPC)  Le correnti stanno lentamente aumentando (i filtri non sono mai stati rigenerati dallo scorso luglio). L'aumento è stato molto graduale, non repentino come la scorsa volta e solo per alcune DG.  La concentrazione di aria nel loop è sostanzialmente uguale a quella della miscela nuova.  Con il GC non si vedono particolari extra-componenti.  Sono stati predisposti diversi gorgogliatori per il campionamento del gas in soluzione.  La stazione per la misura dei fluoruri è pronta e funzionante.  finite le misure in argon, ripartiremo con filtri nuovi (in particolare sostituiamo il setaccio molecolare 5A con il 3A).  nel nuovo ciclo, saranno collegate anche le 10 Single gap nuove ed anche tre delle camerette del "gas gain monitoring". GAS system ISR

PV-8 maggio 2008  I rivelatori del Gas Gain Monitoring sono in operazione all’ISR, in corso l’integrazione DCS/PVSS/xDAQ  Analisi preliminari della miscela durante i test di ricircolo hanno mostrato la presenza in tracce di elementi metallici, probabilmenti rilasciati dai filtri durante o dopo la saturazione  Differenti procedure per lo studio della cinetica chimica dei filtri.  Sebbene i filtri debbano essere caratterizzati chimicamente il setup utilizzato è capace di operare correttamente nel detector. GAS Gain monitor e ISR  Status of Gas System

PV-8 maggio 2008 Steps for each wheel:  Flow cell equalization  100% mixture in fill mode operation (6 sectors) with current and noise monitoring  50% mixture in closed mode (6 sectors) for 1 month with current and noise monitoring GAS system commissioning plan Goal : 1/2 Barrel (6 sectors/wheel) in recirculation mode (50% fresh gas) by end of May. All barrel wheels in recirculation mode (50% fresh gas) by end of July.  Status of Gas System

PV-8 maggio 2008  All hardware (HV/LV) in place in May  Trigger system ready for all wheels by end of May (now 50% installed)  Tower test done on 10/10 towers. All hardware chain fully commissioned.  4 main hardware problems (chamber LHC start up: 3 chambers with big gas leak ( W0/RB3/S8, W+2/RB4/S8, W-2/RB1/S7 ) 1 chamber with LV problem ( W-1/RB4/S6 ) Action: Chambers to be extracted and checked at first shutdown.  3 chambers with gas leaks but OPERABLE ( W0/RB1/S1, W0/RB3/S2, W+1 RB4 )  Gas leak tests done three times on all chambers after installation.  GAS system commissioning will require a lot of effort since also chamber performance must be checked in parallel. No enough experts available.  Goal is to have full system fully commissioned in re-circulation mode (high % fresh gas) by July.  Local commissioning with TTU ongoing.  Full system commissioned with cosmic runs by July  More and more slices of the system integrated in the CMS Global Runs Conclusion and status at startup  Sommario Commissioning

PV-8 maggio 2008  2 settimane costruzione camere al CERN (x 3 tecnici )  appena possibile  2 settimana installazione camere da estrarre (x 3 tecnici)  alla riapertura  2 settimane riparazione eventuali (cavi, connettori,moduli): x 3 tecnici  shutdown  2 settimane riparazioni eventuali (accesso possibile): x 2 tecnici  presa dati  2 settimane smantellamento ISR e Bd904 e spostamento a PT5(smantellamento ISR già stadio avanzato): x 3 tecnici  entro dicembre  Presenza costante di un tecnico equivalente “multi-task”  Manpower - Tecnici Manpower per completamento e mantenimento  Gas Gain Monitoring (assistenza prelievi all'ISR, disinstallazione dall'ISR, trasporto al SG5, installazione al SG5, checkout e assistenza commissioning camerette GGM )  3 mu  5 mu (probabili overlap ma non tanti) mu (installazione) + 3 mu (gas Mon) TOT  9.5 mu

PV-8 maggio 2008 Manpower per SHIFT  Manpower - Fisici RPC BARREL SYSTEM AREA DATA TAKING SHUT-DOWN MANAGERS OPERATORS EXPERTS TOTAL MANAGERS OPERATORS EXPERTS TOTAL TOTAL OPERATION 3,04,03,010,01,00,05,06,0 TOTAL MAINTENANCE 0,0 3,0 0,0 TOTAL SYSTEM AREA 3,04,06,013,01,00,05,06,0  TOT : 13 (mu /mesi RUN) + (6 mu/mesi Shutdown)  11 (mu /mesi RUN) + (6 mu/mesi Shutdown)  a regime

PV-8 maggio 2008 ADDENDA  Gas leak report (from A. Colaleo)  Power system Report (P. Paolucci)  Gas Gain Monitoring Report (S. Bianco)

PV-8 maggio 2008 Detector Status: gas leak report W+ 1, W+2, W-1 : 12 chambers with gas leak replaced W0 one chamber has a serious leak we will try to operate in open mode. Gas leak tests redone on W0, W+1, W+2 (in 1.5 months!)  after wheel movement or after operation on the wheel (ex. Cabling, scaffolding…) :  Several connections re-done.  2 new chambers with gas leak: RB4/S1/W+1 (SISTEMATO provvisoriamente) RB4/S8/W+2  W-2 ongoing W+ 1, W+2, W-1 : 12 chambers with gas leak replaced W0 one chamber has a serious leak we will try to operate in open mode. Gas leak tests redone on W0, W+1, W+2 (in 1.5 months!)  after wheel movement or after operation on the wheel (ex. Cabling, scaffolding…) :  Several connections re-done.  2 new chambers with gas leak: RB4/S1/W+1 (SISTEMATO provvisoriamente) RB4/S8/W+2  W-2 ongoing

PV-8 maggio 2008 Wheelstation sectorleak (ml/h)P(0) mbarP(end) mbarDt (min)leak(mbar/min) W+2RB3 S RB2In+outS RB3 S11>14000 n.a. RB4 S11>14000 n.a. W+1RB3 S05>14000 n.a. RB1outS09>14000 n.a. RB1inS RB4DS RB2inS11>14000 n.a. W0RB1outS RB3 S RB3 S08>14000 n.a W-1RB2inS10>14000 n.a. RB3 S10>14000 n.a. W-2 All chambers ok Chambers with Nov System cannot handle the red cases (chamber does not keep any pressure). For the black cases it is possible to compensate the leak with the higher flow.

PV-8 maggio 2008 To equalize the gas flow between two gaps we use polycarbonate T and L junctions with flow reducers. Tygon tubes connect T and L connectors to the gas inlets. Gas circuit T and L connectors with Steel 316L Micro-cylinder inside A B C D A –L connector B- T connector C- Gas inlet D- gap frame Gas inlet Forward Double gap Backward Double gap Gas inlet

PV-8 maggio 2008 W+1 We found the following problems: 1)In one chamber we found a broken gas inlet (polycarbonate, glued on chamber) in the gas input circuit of the forward gap. Chamber repaired. 2) In one chamber we found a broken "L" connector (connecting two external pipes). The connector was in gas input circuit of the backward gap. Chamber repaired. 3) In one chamber we found a broken "L" connector (connecting two external pipes). The connector was in input circuit of the backward gap. We also found a broken “T” connector in the gas output circuit. Chamber repaired. 4) In the two chambers with small leaks we found that the frame of the gap (polycarbonate glued on the gap) presented a small leak, that we could only localize by the gas sniffer. We could recover the second double gap in both chambers (we kept them as spares).

PV-8 maggio 2008 Polyetilene pipe Forward Double gap Backward Double gap Service block Broken "L" connector (connecting tygon and polyetilene pipes). The connector was in gas input circuit of the backward gap. Chamber repaired.

PV-8 maggio 2008 Polyetilene pipe Backward Double gap Forward Double gap Service block A) Broken "L" connector (connecting tygon and polyetilene pipes). The connector was in gas input circuit of the backward gap. B) Broken “T” connector in the gas output circuit. Chamber repaired. A B

PV-8 maggio 2008 Polyetilene pipe CH 92 (W+1 RB2 in/11) One gas inlet (polycarbonate, glued on chamber) in input to the forward gap was broken. Chamber repaired. Forward Double gap Backward Double gap Service block

PV-8 maggio 2008 CH125 (W+1 RB4-2500/10 )  DG Back GAP UP Backward Double gap Forward Double gap Two chambers had a small leak in both cases in the frame of the gap (polycarbonate frame glued on the gap). The leaks were localized with a gas sniffer. We could recover the second double gap in both cases (we kept them as a spares) CH 235 (W+1 RB1in/10 )  DG forw GAP UP Leak here Service block

PV-8 maggio 2008 W+2 We found the following problems: 1) 5 chambers with big leaks in the frame of the gap (polycarbonate glued on the gap) always about cm from the gas inlet. 2) One of them presented also gap deformations and broken gas inlet leak in the frame of gap Back UP

PV-8 maggio 2008 Backward Double gap Service block a) Two big leaks in backward double gap b) Broken gas inlet in forward down gap One gas inlet (polycarbonate, glued on chamber) in input to the forward gap was broken. Big leak in the frame of backward up gap Backward Double gap Forward Double gap Big leak in the frame backward down gap

PV-8 maggio 2008 Polyetilene pipe Forward Double gap Backward Double gap Service block W-1 Broken “T" connector (connecting tygon and polyetilene pipes). The connector was in gas input circuit of the forward gap. Chambers repaired.

PV-8 maggio 2008 Flow cell readout for W+2 rb3 settore 11 NOTE: Leak tests have been performed in all chambers during construction phase, at ISR, after coupling, before and after installation. A difference between input flow and output flow in some flow cells in the gas racks was observed already during MTCC. But the instability of calibration of flow cell system in the gas racks prevented us to rely on the flow cell readout. Also the good performances of the chambers during MTCC, local commissioning and Global Runs did not help to discover the problem. MTCC sx5UXC Input flow output flow

PV-8 maggio 2008 Power system status elementneededsparetotalorderedto orderdeliv.Instal.repaired SY A1676-BC HV-A3512N LV-A ADC MAJISTE MAO Easy HV FAN TOTAL % 9.4% 80%75%14% HV = 5 K€, LV = 4.5 K €, BC = 1.2 K€, Easy = 1.0 K€  28.7 K€

PV-8 maggio 2008 Power system Spare status elementneededspare%Cost K € commentto order SY %10Minimum 0 A1676-BC 12216%1.21 per mainframe (HV and LV) 2 HV-A3512N 8045%5 3 LV-A %4.55% 2 ADC 10220%2.51 will be used in CR 0 MAJISTE 3133%4.5Minimum 0 MAO 5120%4.5Minimum 0 Easy %1.3For HV-LV system and for test station at P5 3 HV FAN 14214%1.6 0 TOTAL % 10 HV = 5 K€, LV = 4.5 K €, BC = 1.2 K€, Easy = 1.3 K€  36.4 K€

PV-8 maggio 2008 HV board instability During the first Global Run (august 2006) we observed for the first time a bad behaviors of the 21 installed HV boards (A3512N) The Imon of all the installed boards showed an unusual drift of about 1-2  A in 4-5 days The offset of every channel changed after hardware reset/power cycle but not after software power cycle. After many tests we were able to conclude that the two problems were related only to the boards and not to the chambers, cables, connectors…. After having reproduced the problem in our test station at CERN we finally correlate the Imon drift to the board temperature and offset instability to a software problem (synchronization) This temperature correlation explains also the fact we did not observe the problem during the test we did in Italy where the rack was very well ventilated and stable.

PV-8 maggio c 20 c WITH FAN UNIT WITHOUT FAN UNIT Imon vs Temperature at Global Run Imon History plot with resistive charge old boards

PV-8 maggio 2008 Imon History plot during MTCC POWER CYCLE Offset instability in Global Run old boards

PV-8 maggio 2008 old boards Imon vs Temperature in lab

PV-8 maggio 2008 On/Off test old boards Offset instability in the lab

PV-8 maggio 2008 Current distribution (old boards) old boards

PV-8 maggio 2008 What we have done from Aug 06 to Feb 08 Many tests in Napoli and at CERN test stations Meetings, tests and discussion with CAEN Only after 6 month (feb 2007) CAEN was able to reproduce the problem in their laboratory They made 3 new firmware versions before fixing the offset instability (a lot of tests for every release) A major hardware upgrade (oct 2007) has been done in order to reduce the temperature dependence: –Improved ground connection –Improved shiled of the ADC –Modificated input stage of the ADC Many test of the new board before starting the production In Feb 08 we got the first 24 “upgraded”

PV-8 maggio 2008 Upgraded HV board status 22 boards have been tested for a long time and accepted by us: Current is very stable and less correlated with the temperature - OK Offset very stable - OK Imon and offset are very stable after hardware and software power cycle - OK Fault – 2 Boards  not able to switch on, hardware problem We are very happy about that and we are using these boards in the 2008 Global Run.

PV-8 maggio 2008 Test Results after HV update Board temperature Imon vs Temperature in lab new boards

PV-8 maggio 2008 On/Off test Test Results after HV update Offset instability in the lab new boards

PV-8 maggio 2008 Current distribution (new boards) new boards

PV-8 maggio 2008 Board calibration Some HV channels (10%) of the new boards present a negative offset due to CAEN calibration made with only 2 point at a very large distance (200 and 800  A) from the region where we work (0-20  A) We ask to have a new firmware with the possibility to add a common offset to all the channel in order to have always positive readout (negative are not possible) The new release has been test and is ok. Now we are asking to change the calibration region in order to improve it or to increase the number of points CAEN is working on that.

PV-8 maggio 2008 RIASSUNTO SINTETICO ATTIVITA’ SUL CLOSED LOOP ALL’ISR E GAS GAIN MONITORING SYSTEM Stefano Bianco per il gruppo CMS RPC Roberto Guida (CERN Gas Group) Per un resoconto dettagliato vedi riunione referee gas 30 aprilePer un resoconto dettagliato vedi riunione referee gas 30 aprile Il sistema di Closed Loop dell’ISR e’ in operazione stabile. I test mostrano che, una volta che il sistema e’ tenuto diligentemente sotto controllo, il ciclo di vita dei filtri e’ di un paio mesi con fresh mix al 10%. Durante il prossimo ciclo passeremo al 5% eseguendo prelievi e successive analisi di gas e filtri.Il sistema di Closed Loop dell’ISR e’ in operazione stabile. I test mostrano che, una volta che il sistema e’ tenuto diligentemente sotto controllo, il ciclo di vita dei filtri e’ di un paio mesi con fresh mix al 10%. Durante il prossimo ciclo passeremo al 5% eseguendo prelievi e successive analisi di gas e filtri. Le camere di Gas Gain Monitoring sono in operazione all’ISR, in corso l’integrazione DCS/PVSS/xDAQ.Le camere di Gas Gain Monitoring sono in operazione all’ISR, in corso l’integrazione DCS/PVSS/xDAQ. Il raggiungimento dell’operativita’ stabile del Closed Loop e del GGM ha richiesto uno sforzo di presenze al CERN nel primo trimestre del Presentiamo quindi richieste aggiuntive ME 2008, e richieste consumi (MOF-B) per analisi chimiche del gas e dei filtriIl raggiungimento dell’operativita’ stabile del Closed Loop e del GGM ha richiesto uno sforzo di presenze al CERN nel primo trimestre del Presentiamo quindi richieste aggiuntive ME 2008, e richieste consumi (MOF-B) per analisi chimiche del gas e dei filtri 1.Il test setup all’ISR 2.Riassunto analisi filtri e gas 3.Gas Gain Monitoring System 4.Richieste aggiuntive 2008

PV-8 maggio 2008 Gas re-circulation test at ISR – system layout P1: 5A molecular sieve; CMS purifier configuration: P2: Cu/Cu-Zn; P3: Ni/Al2O3. YV10 HV83 Mixture to the open mode circuit (YV10) Mixture to the closed mode circuit (HV83) Gas Chromatograph Gas system (open + closed circuit) New Gas Chromatograph Mass spectrometer CERN DT1-GS The system used at the GIF was moved to the ISR area and used for the mass production chambers test. The aims of this phase was save money and to start a further optimization of the purifier effectiveness R.GUIDA RPC07 MUMBAI

PV-8 maggio 2008 CRONACA RECENTE DEL CLOSED LOOP ALL’ISR Fine 2006 Ciclo ZERO, analisi esplorative e qualitative filtri e gasFine 2006 Ciclo ZERO, analisi esplorative e qualitative filtri e gas In operazione stabile con 10% fresh mix nel In operazione stabile con 10% fresh mix nel –Siamo riusciti ad operare i filtri per piu’ di due mesi senza aumenti di correnti Luglio 2007 Inizia Ciclo UNOLuglio 2007 Inizia Ciclo UNO Agosto 2007 cambiato il fornitore del freon, scoperta e risolta una grossa contaminazione delle bombole con ariaAgosto 2007 cambiato il fornitore del freon, scoperta e risolta una grossa contaminazione delle bombole con aria –Sforzo di manpower per lo spurgo delle bombole nuove in arrivo Novembre 2007 aumento correnti, stop Ciclo UNONovembre 2007 aumento correnti, stop Ciclo UNO Filtri sono flussati senza rigenerazioneFiltri sono flussati senza rigenerazione Novembre-Dicembre 2007 nuovo GC-MS, installato ed utilizzato.Novembre-Dicembre 2007 nuovo GC-MS, installato ed utilizzato. Dicembre inizia Ciclo DUEDicembre inizia Ciclo DUE Gennaio-Febbraio 2008 problema di ingresso di aria nel CLGennaio-Febbraio 2008 problema di ingresso di aria nel CL Closed Loop riparte a fine Febbraio 2008, in run continuo da allora, correnti in lenta crescitaClosed Loop riparte a fine Febbraio 2008, in run continuo da allora, correnti in lenta crescita Shift regolari di presa datiShift regolari di presa dati

PV-8 maggio 2008 STATUS DEL CLOSED LOOP ALL’ISR In testIn test –Sette DG CMS-RB1 (una open mode, sei closed loop) –Otto 50cm*50cm SG “Gas gain monitoring” in open mode –Dieci DG nuove tipo CMS-RB3 pronte, installate al prossimo ciclo StatusStatus –Le correnti sono in lenta crescita dall’inizio del Ciclo DUE in closed loop(fine Febbraio) PlanPlan –Installare I gorgogliatori per il gas sampling (15 apr) –Il run continua con I filtri saturati fino al limite di trip 10uA (~Apr 28) –Stop Closed loop –Nuovi filtri –Inserire tre delle otto SG e le dieci nuove DG in closed loop –Le correnti decrescono (~May 10) –Switch to Closed Loop mode e inizio gas sampling Il sistema opera bene fra una rigenerazione e l’altraIl sistema opera bene fra una rigenerazione e l’altra Le camere sono sempre tornate alle correnti standardLe camere sono sempre tornate alle correnti standard Nessun danno permanente e’ stato mai osservatoNessun danno permanente e’ stato mai osservato Utilizziamo l’ISR come uno strumento unico per capire ed ottimizzare la chimica dei filtri.Utilizziamo l’ISR come uno strumento unico per capire ed ottimizzare la chimica dei filtri.

PV-8 maggio 2008 RIASSUNTO ANALISI FILTRI E GAS CICLO ZERO Il Ciclo ZERO ha avuto una durata di venticinque giorni dalla messa in closed loop all’aumento delle correntiIl Ciclo ZERO ha avuto una durata di venticinque giorni dalla messa in closed loop all’aumento delle correnti Prelievi di filtriPrelievi di filtri –Nuovi –Usati –Rigenerati Prelievi di gasPrelievi di gas –Dopo ogni filtro Analisi degli elementi in traccia (impurita’ dell’ordine del ppm)Analisi degli elementi in traccia (impurita’ dell’ordine del ppm)

PV-8 maggio 2008 CONCLUSIONS AND OUTLOOK on analyses Presence of HF in system, and trace elements (metals, etc)Presence of HF in system, and trace elements (metals, etc) The system is very complex. Many different chemical compositions in the system components. The presence of F compounds in gas-mix damages some af them.The system is very complex. Many different chemical compositions in the system components. The presence of F compounds in gas-mix damages some af them. These results are preliminary. We need different operating procedures for studying the filters kinetic and customize best desorbtion process.These results are preliminary. We need different operating procedures for studying the filters kinetic and customize best desorbtion process. Although filters need to be chemically characterized, the set-up currently used is able to operate correctly the CMS-RPC detector.Although filters need to be chemically characterized, the set-up currently used is able to operate correctly the CMS-RPC detector. G.SAVIANO RPC07 MUMBAI

PV-8 maggio 2008 GAS SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS Using LiOH solution reaction formulaUsing LiOH solution reaction formula 2LiOH + Me 2+ --> Me(OH) 2 + 2Li + After sampling, LiOH solution will be analyzed by IC (Ionic Chromatograph) for F - and other anions and the remnant will be acidified with HNO 3 and analyzed by ICP-AES (Inductive Coupled Plasma- Atomic Emission Spectrometry) for metallic cationsAfter sampling, LiOH solution will be analyzed by IC (Ionic Chromatograph) for F - and other anions and the remnant will be acidified with HNO 3 and analyzed by ICP-AES (Inductive Coupled Plasma- Atomic Emission Spectrometry) for metallic cations –Ppm-sensitivity analyses (Univ. Roma) using IC and ICP-AES Anions F-, S--, solfati, cloruri using IC at Univ. RomeAnions F-, S--, solfati, cloruri using IC at Univ. Rome Metals at Ministry of industryMetals at Ministry of industry F- specific electrodes for HF accumulation measurements (INFN funded)F- specific electrodes for HF accumulation measurements (INFN funded) Tested in Frascati sampling procedure to avoid backdiffusion of LiOH into Closed LoopTested in Frascati sampling procedure to avoid backdiffusion of LiOH into Closed Loop

PV-8 maggio 2008 Gas Gain Monitoring System Three sets of 50cm * 50cm gaps to monitor the working point for changes due to gas mixThree sets of 50cm * 50cm gaps to monitor the working point for changes due to gas mix System operational at ISR, working on integration with DCSSystem operational at ISR, working on integration with DCS Tests on sensitivity of charge and avalanche/streamer ratios for working point changesTests on sensitivity of charge and avalanche/streamer ratios for working point changes Good sensitivity in avalanche-to-streamer transition regionsGood sensitivity in avalanche-to-streamer transition regions PlanPlan –Precious tool at ISR now –work in progress for DCS/PVSS integration –Work in progress for –Move to SGX5 at the end of first ISR gas sampling cycle (>Jun 08)

PV-8 maggio 2008 Conceptual design Gas Gain Monitoring System

PV-8 maggio 2008 Preliminary studies Cosmic Rays charge distribution Pedestal Avalanche + Streamer HV= 10.2 kV; HV eff =10.7 kV; Gate=100ns; T=22°C; RH=50%; 26 Oct2007 Streamer counts ADC ch pC Pedestal Avalanche HV=9.4kV; HV eff =9.9kV; Gate=100ns; T=22°C ; RH=50%; 26 Oct2007 counts ADC ch CMS RPC preliminary Avalanche threshold pC Avalanche threshold L.BENUSSI RPC07 MUMBAI

PV-8 maggio 2008 Preliminary studies Sensitivity of charge distribution to HV (2/3) ‏ Inefficiency region avalanche Avalanche + streamer A very rough estimate of sensitivity to working point changes in avalanche – streamer transition Working in the avalanche + streamer region provides a sensitivity of 1.25 pC/10 V CMS RPC preliminary L.BENUSSI RPC07 MUMBAI 100 pC

PV-8 maggio 2008 Preliminary studies Sensitivity of charge distribution to HV (3/3) ‏ Transition region pedestal to avalanche and avalanche to streamer are sensitive to working point changes Blue curve avalanche yield black curve streamer yield avalanche Avalanche + streamer Inefficiency region CMS RPC preliminary L.BENUSSI RPC07 MUMBAI

PV-8 maggio 2008 CORRELATED RESPONSE TO ATMOSFERIC PRESSURE

PV-8 maggio 2008 RICHIESTE AGGIUNTIVE 2008 e sblocchi sj MISSIONI ESTERE Assegnato 2008: 50.0 Impegnato gen-mag:34.0 [3kEUR/mu] Coord. (Bianco) 2.0mu Commissioning GGM, (Giardoni, Pucci, Saviano) 3.3mu Installazione sistema analisi gas (Piga)0.7mu Supporto (Passamonti, Pierluigi, Russo) 3.2mu Turni TT-CR (Bertani)1.0mu RPC Workshop (2talks) 0.8mu Fabbisogno giu-dic:25.0 sblocco sj MOF-B10.0 Richiesta aggiuntiva15.0 Sblocco sj MOF-B Analisi chimiche kEUR/analisi * 2analisi/ciclo * 3 cicli

PV-8 maggio 2008 CONCLUSIONI Stiamo operando il Closed ISR con 10% fresh mix e abbiamo dimostrato che e’ possibile lavorare per alcuni mesi fra una rigenerazione e l’altra.Stiamo operando il Closed ISR con 10% fresh mix e abbiamo dimostrato che e’ possibile lavorare per alcuni mesi fra una rigenerazione e l’altra. Le correnti standard sono sempre recuperate passando a open loop e/o rigenerando I filtri, quindi si puo’ iniziare ad usare GRADUALMENTE il closed loop finale al UCX5.Le correnti standard sono sempre recuperate passando a open loop e/o rigenerando I filtri, quindi si puo’ iniziare ad usare GRADUALMENTE il closed loop finale al UCX5. Il sistema e’ complesso (bakelite, gas filters). I primi risultati mostrano che I filtri vanno caratterizzati, che HF viene prodotto nel sistema, e che elementi in traccia (metalli etc) vengono immessi nel sistema dai filtri.Il sistema e’ complesso (bakelite, gas filters). I primi risultati mostrano che I filtri vanno caratterizzati, che HF viene prodotto nel sistema, e che elementi in traccia (metalli etc) vengono immessi nel sistema dai filtri. In atto una nuova campagna di analisi del gasIn atto una nuova campagna di analisi del gas –Alta statistica: campionamenti plurimi –Alta efficienza: soluzione complessante specifica e filtro particolato Il Gas Gain monitoring System e’ stato integrato al closed loop dell’ISR e rimarra’ per il prossimo ciclo, per essere poi installato nel sistema finale a SGX5.Il Gas Gain monitoring System e’ stato integrato al closed loop dell’ISR e rimarra’ per il prossimo ciclo, per essere poi installato nel sistema finale a SGX5.

PV-8 maggio 2008 References Resoconto dettagliato degli studiResoconto dettagliato degli studi –A febbraio 08: Talks di R.Guida, L.Benussi, G.Saviano a RPC07 (Mumbai 2008), disponibili anche nella pagina twiki in calce –Aggiornamento ad oggi: questa presentazione Sito di documentazione: di documentazione: Bakelite: observed defects with Na and F on RPC gaps exposed at high- radiationBakelite: observed defects with Na and F on RPC gaps exposed at high- radiation –Study of long-term performance of CMS RPC under irradiation at the CERN GIF. M. Abbrescia et al pp. Prepared for 7th Workshop on Resistive Plate Chambers and Related Detectors (RPC2003), Clermont-Ferrand, France, Oct Published in Nucl.Instrum.Meth.A533: ,2004 M. Abbrescia et al.M. Abbrescia et al. Gas: observed presence of HF in the Closed Loop SystemGas: observed presence of HF in the Closed Loop System –HF production in CMS-Resistive Plate Chambers. M. Abbrescia et al pp. Prepared for 8th Workshop on Resistive Plate Chambers and Related Detectors, Seoul, Korea, Oct Published in Nucl.Phys.Proc.Suppl.158:30-34,2006 M. Abbrescia et al.M. Abbrescia et al. –Fluoride production in RPCs operated with F-compound gases. G. Aielli, P. Camarri, R. Cardarelli, A. Di Ciaccio, A. Di Simone, B. Liberti, L. Palummo, R. Santonico (INFN, Rome2 & Rome U.,Tor Vergata) pp. Prepared for 8th Workshop on Resistive Plate Chambers and Related Detectors, Seoul, Korea, Oct Published in Nucl.Phys.Proc.Suppl.158: ,2006 G. AielliP. CamarriR. CardarelliA. Di CiaccioA. Di SimoneB. LibertiL. PalummoR. SantonicoINFN, Rome2Rome U.,Tor VergataG. AielliP. CamarriR. CardarelliA. Di CiaccioA. Di SimoneB. LibertiL. PalummoR. SantonicoINFN, Rome2Rome U.,Tor Vergata

PV-8 maggio 2008 SPARES

Materials in CERN Closed Loop gas System Bakelite: Melamminic- Phenolic resins+bulk (RPC gaps)Bakelite: Melamminic- Phenolic resins+bulk (RPC gaps) Gas: 0.3% SF 6 ; 3.5% C 4 H 10, 97.2% C 2 H 2 F 4Gas: 0.3% SF 6 ; 3.5% C 4 H 10, 97.2% C 2 H 2 F 4 FiltersFilters –Molecular Sieve: 5Å Linde type Zeolite –Metallic Filters: Ni Al 2 O 3 ; Cu; CuO-ZnO-Al 2 O 3 SpacersSpacers Cu pipeCu pipe Steel pipeSteel pipe Plastic tubingPlastic tubing G.SAVIANO RPC07 MUMBAI

PV-8 maggio 2008 Trace Elements analyses in filters and bakelite G.SAVIANO RPC07 MUMBAI

PV-8 maggio 2008 Filters 1999) Filters designed to remove H 2 O and O 21999) Filters designed to remove H 2 O and O ) Several changes in designed parameters (humid mix, etc). Ageing test at GIF showed unidentified peaks in GC. best configuration of filters was:2005) Several changes in designed parameters (humid mix, etc). Ageing test at GIF showed unidentified peaks in GC. best configuration of filters was: –Zeolite 0.7 CaO. 0.3 Na 2 O. Al 2 O 3. 2 SiO 2. n H 2 O It is especially suitable for the separation of normal- and iso- paraffins, in PSA hydrogen purification and in oxygen concentrators. It is an excellent adsorbent to remove H 2 O, CO 2, H 2 S from sour natural gas streams, minimising COS formation. Light mercaptans are also adsorbed. It is especially suitable for the separation of normal- and iso- paraffins, in PSA hydrogen purification and in oxygen concentrators. It is an excellent adsorbent to remove H 2 O, CO 2, H 2 S from sour natural gas streams, minimising COS formation. Light mercaptans are also adsorbed. –Cu-Zn filter type R3-12 from BASF (25%) designed for removal of arsine, phosphine, H 2 S and COS. R 3-12 is widely used in the purification of polymer grade propylene, and to protect noble metal catalysts from arsenic and sulphur –Cu filter type R3-11G from BASF (25%) designed for regenerative removal of O 2, CO, H 2 and others from industrial gases and liquids. –Ni-Al 2 O 3 filter type 6525 from Leuna (50%) G.SAVIANO RPC07 MUMBAI

PV-8 maggio 2008 Pollutants in Metallic Filters Ni-Al 2 O 3 Filters tend to release Cu and Cr during filteringNi-Al 2 O 3 Filters tend to release Cu and Cr during filtering Both metallic Filtres capture F and S but the regeneration does not desorb themBoth metallic Filtres capture F and S but the regeneration does not desorb them

PV-8 maggio 2008 Type 5Å zeolites from Zeochem Two Mechanisms:Two Mechanisms: –Molecular sieve –Ion exchange Pore dimensions 3A (3 Å, K) 4A (4 Å, Na) 5A (5 Å, Ca) Framework of Linde Type A zeolites Anionic framework G.SAVIANO RPC07 MUMBAI

PV-8 maggio 2008 Conclusions: zeolite Zeolite captures F, Cu, Ni, S but regeneration does not fully desorb zeoliteZeolite captures F, Cu, Ni, S but regeneration does not fully desorb zeolite Gas-mix (due to the presence of HF) tends to leach SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 i.e. the “framework” of zeolite. Chemical analyses show a depletion in Si, Al contentsGas-mix (due to the presence of HF) tends to leach SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 i.e. the “framework” of zeolite. Chemical analyses show a depletion in Si, Al contents zeolite acts as a buffer for pH (from 4.5 to 7 ) see R.Guida, this Conference zeolite acts as a buffer for pH (from 4.5 to 7 ) see R.Guida, this Conference G.SAVIANO RPC07 MUMBAI

PV-8 maggio 2008 Conclusions: Metallic Filters Ni-Al 2 O 3 Ni-Al 2 O 3 filters release Cu and Cr during filtration.Ni-Al 2 O 3 filters release Cu and Cr during filtration. They capture F and S, but regeneration does not desorb filtersThey capture F and S, but regeneration does not desorb filters Cu; CuO-ZnO-Al 2 O 3 S can easily form Cu and Zn sulphide, difficult to remove from filters Both metallic filtres capture F and S but the regeneration does not desorb them completely

PV-8 maggio 2008 Conclusions: Filters Regeneration As and S react with the Cu and Zn constituents in the catalyst to form stable metal complexes which do not migrate or desorb off of the catalyst.As and S react with the Cu and Zn constituents in the catalyst to form stable metal complexes which do not migrate or desorb off of the catalyst. It is important to characterize the filters (metallic, zeolite) in order to understand their selective absorbtion and ion-exchange possibility, their life time (in function of the complex system at CL) and eventually it is of PARAMOUNT importance to set up a specific desorbtion procedureIt is important to characterize the filters (metallic, zeolite) in order to understand their selective absorbtion and ion-exchange possibility, their life time (in function of the complex system at CL) and eventually it is of PARAMOUNT importance to set up a specific desorbtion procedure G.SAVIANO RPC07 MUMBAI

PV-8 maggio 2008 Conclusions: gas HPLC preliminary analysis reveals the presence of extra-pollutants in gas (metals and F - )HPLC preliminary analysis reveals the presence of extra-pollutants in gas (metals and F - ) It is of paramount importance to analyze gas in different points of CLIt is of paramount importance to analyze gas in different points of CL New analyses with particulate filtersNew analyses with particulate filters G.SAVIANO RPC07 MUMBAI