…Can physics be simulated by a universal computer? Richard P. Feynman, Int. J. Theor. Phys 21, 467 (1982) Richard P. Feynman realized that certain phenomena in Quantum Field Theory are well imitated by certain Condensed Matter systems… He thought that there should be a certain class of quantum mechanical systems which would simulate any other system, a UNIVERSAL QUANTUM SIMULATOR that could serve as a quantum laboratory where the validity of several theoretical models may be tested. L. Fallani and M. Inguscio Controlling cold-atom conductivity Science 322 (5th December 2008)

Ballistic expansion with reduced velocity Absence of diffusion G. Roati et al., Nature 453, 895 (2008) =0 Ballistic expansion: J=1 Ballistic expansion with reduced velocity J=7 Absence of diffusion:

Disorder is beautiful

Chiara Fort Marco Fattori Giovanni Modugno Giacomo Roati

39K: un gas con interazione tunabile

Nuovo progetto: apparato sperimentale in costruzione Marco Fattori Ammesso al secondo step: Firb Futuro in Ricerca (INFN) ERC starting grant (INO-CNR) GIOVANNI MODUGNO - segue

Nuovo progetto: apparato sperimentale in costruzione

Fenomeni a molti corpi con gas quantistici di atomi e molecole Giovanni Modugno Fenomeni a molti corpi con gas quantistici di atomi e molecole QUPOL – ERC Starting Grant MICRA – INFN EUROQUASAR ESF (CNR-INO) NAMEQUAM EU FP7 AQUTE EU FP7

Interferometria atomica con BECs intrappolati non interagenti Soppressione della decoerenza indotta dall’interazione 100a0 1a0 time M. Fattori, et al., PRL 100, 080405 (2008) M. Fattori, et al. PRL 101, 190405 (2008) Vantaggi offerti Lunghi tempi di interrogazione Sensore estremamente compatto Elevata risoluzione spaziale ~ mm

Particelle entangled usando l’interazione Nuovo progetto: interferometro atomico al limite Heisenberg Costruzione di un interferometro Mach-Zender spaziale, il cui funzionamento richiede l’uso di atomi non interagenti Particelle entangled usando l’interazione Perticelle scorrelate Ingresso beam splitter shift di fase f L R beam splitter misura Df ~ 1/ (Limite Shot Noise) Df ~ 1/N (Heisenberg limit)

Federico Capasso

Federico Capasso - Harvard FOTONICA al THz Joint venture Dip Fisica ed Astronomia – INO-CNR – LENS – Max Planck

Quantum information with ytterbium Leonardo Fallani, Jacopo Catani Cancio Pastor,, Giusfredi, De Natale Quantum information with ytterbium New experimental system for laser cooling and trapping two-electron atomic ytterbium Rich level structure (metastable states) Several stable isotopes Optical clocks technology Good candidate for quantum information processing with neutral atoms! Funded by: IIT – ENCORE Seed Project EU FP7 – AQUTE Integrated Project MAE – Progetto UVICOLS

Quantum information with ytterbium Easy encoding and long-term storage of quantum information in low-decoherence internal subspaces electronic qubits nuclear qubits clock transition: long coherence times purely nuclear spin (fermions): small sensitivity to stray fields decoupled from the electronic d.o.f.

Quantum information with ytterbium Quantum register with Yb atoms trapped in optical lattices High-res imaging + optical tweezing for addressing and manipulating qubits r/w addressability and manipulation atoms = qbits optical lattice Creation of entanglement between individually addressed qbits

Quantum interfaces photons atoms ions Connecting different quantum systems Hybrid systems for QIPC photons flying qubits atoms ions Yb, Li, Rb Yb+ scalable quantum registers long coherence times multi-particle entanglement fast gates

2 species of atoms in optical lattices mimick spin models: Francesco Minardi (INO-CNR) Giacomo Lamporesi, Jacopo Catani Simulation of magnetic models 2 species of atoms in optical lattices mimick spin models: ferromagnets, antiferromagnets, supersolids... Optical lattices make low-dimensional and even mixed-dimensional systems Gas quantistici, U.O.S. Sesto Fiorentino

Scattering of particles living in different dimensions (2D/3D) Scattering in mixed dimensions with ultracold gases Scattering of particles living in different dimensions (2D/3D) Observed scattering resonances induced by mixed-dimensionality G. Lamporesi, J. Catani, G. Barontini, Y. Nishida, M. Inguscio, F. Minardi, submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett., arXiv 1002.0114 Gas quantistici, U.O.S. Sesto Fiorentino

Entropy control of quantum gases Motivation: quantum simulations with degenerate atomic gases require very low entropy Idea: with two atomic gases (K, Rb) in thermal equilibrium, selective compression of one component (K) transfers entropy from the compressed to the uncompressed gas. Experimental signature: K atoms are driven to Bose-Einstein condensation regime in a reversible and controlled way J. Catani, G. Barontini, G. Lamporesi, F. Rabatti, G. Thalhammer, F. Minardi, S. Stringari, and M. Inguscio, Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 140401 (2009) [viewpoint: D. Stamper-Kurn, Physics 2, 80 (2009)] Gas quantistici, U.O.S. Sesto Fiorentino

Giacomo Roati

STRATEGIE Finanziamenti Spazi Risorse umane

Finanziamenti Europei: - Integrated Project SCALA (2008-2009) 170 kEuro - EuroQuam DQS (2007-2010), 100 kEuro Nazionali: - SQUATSuper (2007-2008), INFN, gruppo V, 30 kEuro