News by gruppo 1!!!.

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1 News by gruppo 1!!!

2 UGO FOSCOLO THOMAS GRAY

3 PREROMANTICISM Between 1770 to 1820
From Germany and Great Britain to every part of Europe

4 UGO FOSCO LO

5 FOSCOLO : The highlights of life…
1778 He was born in Zante 1793 Venice: cradle of studies 1797 Treaty of Campoformio

6 Publication “Dei Sepolcri”
1807 Publication “Dei Sepolcri” 1815 Congress of Vienna Exile “Poiché sono solo contro tutti, mi è difficile diffendere la propria patria, per tanto a male in cuore decido di accettare l'esilio.” 1827 He dies in London The body is moved to Florence in the church of Santa Croce 1871

7 THOMAS GRAY

8 Life… 26th December, London 1716
He studied at Eton College and at Cambridge 1751 “Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard”

9 Refused the laureateship
1757 Refused the laureateship 1768 Became Professor of History and Modern Languages at Cambridge 1771 Died on 30th July, Cambridge

10 Sepulchral Poetry Story: Second half of 18th century
New poetic genre within pre-romanticism culture Foreign models: English and German “Night” by Young and “Ossian” by Macpherson “The Elegy” and “I Sepolcri” Themes: Pain of life, death, grave, immortality, sehnsucht Interest in a melancholic nature Love for dark and gloomy landscapes

11 “Sepolcri” “Elegy”

12 “Elegy” “Dei sepolcri” TOPIC CARME MODELS WORK WORK TOPIC ELEGY
LOCATION

13 The work… “Dei Sepolcri” is a poem written by the Italian poet Ugo Foscolo in 1806 and published in 1807.

14 To Ippolito Pindemonte
carme 295 hendecasyllabic verse To Ippolito Pindemonte

15 The Napoleonic edict of Saint Cloud…
The idea behind the poem can be traced back to 1804, when the Napoleonic edict of Saint-Cloud was issued. 1806 the edict was applied to Italy.

16 THE EDICT… All burials must take place outside the city walls;
The burial monuments must all be of the same size; Their inscriptions controlled by a special commission

17 TOPIC The underlying theme is that of the tomb, which is analyzed in its fundamental aspects…

18 SENTIMENTAL VALUE The tomb provides the memory of the dead in the memory of the living; Enables the "correspondence of amorous senses“. CIVIC VALUE The cult of the tomb as an expression of civilization; Examples of cemeteries and funeral rites (two negative: medieval age and Italy, two positive: ancient civilizations and England).

19 HISTORICAL VALUE The tombs of posterity as an example for present and future generations; The mound of the Athenians. FUNCTION OF POETRY Poetry eternatrice; Omero and the Trojan myth.

20 Models… Foscolo Pindemonte : « I Cimiteri» Thomas Gray:
«Elegy written in a country churchyard»

21 The work… TITLE: Elegy written in a country churchyard
THIS ELEGY IS A MODEL FOR FOSCOLO

22 What is an elegy? In literature, an elegy is a melancholic or plaintive poem, especially a funeral song or a lament for the dead.

23 “Elegy written in a country churchyard” by Thomas Gray
1750 More than seven years to write The Elegy Inspired by the death of his friend Richard West Horace’s First Book of Odes (twenty-fourth Ode) Descriptions and reflections Universality of themes (death, obscurity, contentment, etc.) Idyllic view of country-life (like Virgil's pastoral poetry) Structure of The elegy: Stanzas 1-11: images of humble country life Gray's meditation on death Stanzas 12-21: pompous exequies of the great VS simple funeral of the poor Stanzas 22-32: supposed death of the author and his tomb's epitaph The epitaph: themes of transience, obscurity and fame.

24 Stoke Poges Memorial dedicated to the elegy
Setting The poem is set in an cemetery, probably at Stoke Poges, surrounded by the English countryside. It looks like a naked, austere cemetery, far from the description of Foscolo’s one. Stoke Poges Memorial dedicated to the elegy

25 COMPARING TEXTS

26 Foscolo VS Gray Stanza 4: The Elegy
Beneath those rugged elms, that yew-tree's shade, Where heaves the turf in many a mouldering heap, Each in his narrow cell for ever laid, The rude Forefathers of the hamlet sleep. Vv : I Sepolcri Ma cipressi e cedri di puri effluvi i zefiri impregnando perenne verde protendean su l'urne per memoria perenne, e prezïosi vasi accogliean le lagrime votive.

27 “Save that from yonder ivy-mantled tower
“Senti raspar fra le macerie e i bronchi la derelitta cagna ramingando su le fosse e famelica ululando;(v 80) e uscir del teschio, ove fuggia la luna, l'úpupa, e svolazzar su per le croci sparse per la funerëa campagna e l'immonda accusar col luttüoso singulto i rai di che son pie le stelle(v 85) alle obblïate sepolture” “Save that from yonder ivy-mantled tower The moping owl does to the moon complain Of such, as wandering near her secret bower, Molest her ancient solitary reign.”

28 25. “negò loro la sorte, che represse
FOSCOLO crede invece che se un uomo durante la vita ha agito bene, verrà ricordato dai posteri. La vita dei posteri è quindi una continuazione della vita del defunto. Le virtù del morto, non sono sepolte nella tomba, ma grazie agli amici continuano ad esistere nel mondo dei vivi 25. “negò loro la sorte, che represse lor colpe insieme a lor virtù” “.. Fu di gran cuore e di sincera fede; e premio il Cielo gli mandò..”

29 21. “Pompa e poter, vanto di stirpe eletta,
quanto beltà o ricchezza a noi prepara, tutto egualmente l’ultim’ora aspetta: della gloria il sentier mena alla bara 23. Urna scolpita, o effige al ver conforme può al frale richiamar l’alma fuggita? può onore stimolar polve che dorme? può l’orecchia di Morte esser blandita?” C’è in Gray un uguaglianza universale, tutto è destinato allo stesso fine Anche Foscolo pensa che tutti gli uomini siano accomunati da un destino inevitabile: la morte

30 questa presentazione è stata offerta da

31 Melissa Padrini Elena Bianchi Adiola Shehi

32 E ultimo… …beato tra le donne!
Luca Montanari Luca Montanari

33 THE END!