Gruppo I – Milano Bicocca Consiglio di Sezione – 30 Giugno 2014 S.Malvezzi

LHC@CERN Le attivita’ di Gruppo I di Milano Bicocca CMS LHCb si intrecciano con la “schedula” di LHC e del CERN RUN 1 up to 2012 Scoperta del Bosone di Higgs … Nobel…ma non solo, Papers in CDS 2011-today CMS: 320, LHCb: 193 LS1 2013-2014 Fase di consolidamento dell’acceleratore e degli esperimenti RUN 2 2015 -2017 Aumento energia della macchina 13 TeV molta attesa per New Physics ..ma non solo Studi di precisione e ricerca di segnali rari LS2 2018-19 Upgrade Phase 1 (LHCb & CMS) LS3 2023-24 Upgrade Phase 2 (CMS: R&D )

LHC schedule beyond LS1 To be updated Beam commissioning Technical stop Shutdown Physics LS2 starting in 2018 (July) => 18 months + 3 months BC LS3 LHC: starting in 2023 => 30 months + 3 months BC Injectors: in 2024 => 13 months + 3 months BC Run 2 Run 3 Run 4 LS 2 LS 3 LS 4 LS 5 Run 5 30 fb-1 YETS EYETS YETS YETS Run 2 LS 2 Run 3 100 fb-1 YETS YETS LS 3 Run 4 300 fb-1 LS 4 Run 5 LS 5 3’000 fb-1

The past: RUN 1 The present: LS1 The next future: RUN2 The luminosity has reached a value of 7.7x1033 cm-2s-1, The collision energy has reached 8 TeV in 2012. The present: LS1 Superconducting interconnections have been upgraded to avoid electrical faults (19 Sptember 2008) There are 10,000 "splices” superconducting connections between magnets on the LHC. Each splice carries 13,000 amps. An additional piece a "shunt” has been added to each splice. A total of 27,000 shunts have been installed in the 27-kilometre accelerator. The next future: RUN2 Running will resume in 2015 (20 month shutdown) with increased collision energy of 13 TeV and another increase in luminosity Run 2 is currently planned for 2015-2017, 2015 will involve starting up the machine at a new energy and collision rate, and so a lot of time in 2015 will be spent on making the machine work properly and efficiently. Most of the data in the next run will appear in 2016-2017.   The shunt is a low-resistance connection that forms an alternative path for a portion of the current in the event that the splice loses its superconducting state

2015: Q1 & Q2 - preliminary LHC Draft schedule 2015 One thing we learnt from Run 1 – the schedule is flexible

2015: Q3 & Q4 Mike Lamont Relaxed beta* Somewhat more challenging beta*

Experiments See 2015 as a commissioning year and an investment Summary of the 2014 Evian workshop Mike Lamont - Experiments See 2015 as a commissioning year and an investment 25 ns very strongly favored Will accept up to 1 fb-1 @ 50 ns Target energy by the end of summer 14 6.5 TeV is target (and the maximum) Will only be confirmed at end of powering tests Peak mean pile-up of around 50 “is considered to be acceptable”. 25 ns brings complications: e-cloud and non-negligible scrubbing time more long range collisions larger crossing angle, higher beta* higher total beam current, higher intensity per injection UFOs Benedetto Gorini

LS1: Phase1 detector work by region Prepare for 13-14 TeV, ~100fb-1 and ~1 x 1034cm-2s-1, 25ns Tracking region: Beampipe -> remove 59.6mm central beampipe/ install 45.0mm.. Yoke and Tracker bulkhead humidity seal revision + new dry gas system (for colder Tracker operation) CO2 system + cabling + demonstrators for 4-layer pixel New PLT + BHM, revised BCM Calorimeters: HF calorimeters PMT --> multi-anode (in garages off crit. path) HO calorimeter HPD --> SiPM HB/HE control module replacement, cable/fibre installation for LS2 Minor revisions and repairs of EB/EE ES removal repair and re-installation (unexpected) Muon detectors: Yoke Endcap disk 4 construction at +z and –z ends in situ. 4’th muon endcap stations +z and –z (CSC & RPC) 1’st endcap muon station readout granularity restoration +z and –z Muon barrel electronics consolidation -move sector collectors to USC55, replace MB1 q TRB Summary status Installed Tracker OK at -20deg C, Det. dry gas system installed On track to install after pixel PMT’s and cables done All wheels done CCM & most cabling done Done Both ends complete Both ends installed Re-installed, commissioning Complete for all wheels

LS1 Consolidation work Dismounting of the Be Beam Pipe preparing for a third section Lighter support structure for the beam pipe Consolidation work on the LHCb Dipole Iron shielding behind the last muon filter to protect from back-splash

Physics Prospects at RUN 2 Run 2 physics program is well-defined Increase of cross sections from LHC8 to LHC13 Increase discovery potential at LHC Higgs factory 5.5 M Higgs events produced 100 K events useful for precision measurements Note: today ATLAS+CMS have 1400 Higgs events Higgs precision measurement Mass , JPC, BR, Cross section Measurements of Higgs couplings to fermions and bosons WLWL scattering at high E and Higgs self-couplings needs more lumi Search for SUSY or other BSM solutions SM measurements necessary to control systematics for above B-physics “window” high precision measurements Investigate possible “deviation” from SM predictions (mainly LHCb) Even  if  we don’t  see anything new  we  do  have the only Higgs,  (and  top and Z and W...)  factory on the  planet for the next 15+  years (CMS +ATLAS)

EUROPA : Strategy Update Maggio 2013 U.S: P5 Report 22 Maggio 2014 The Next to Next Future La comunita’ internazionale si interroga: INFN: WHAT”s Next (7-8 Aprile meeting di kick-off …ongoing) CSN1: LTS1 Workshop 22-24 Maggio La Biodola EUROPA : Strategy Update Maggio 2013 U.S: P5 Report 22 Maggio 2014 GIAPPONE: ILC Japan is proceeding on a bid to host ILC . International negotiation for the next 3-5 (?) years CINA : FCC 100 TeV machine -80 100 Km circumference Future Circular Collider

Documento (White Paper) in preparazione Workshop on the Long Term Strategy of INFN-CSN1: the next ten year of accelerator-based experiments The goal of this workshop is the development of a strategic plan for the CSN1 to be executed over the next 10-year timescale, in the context of a 20-year global vision for the field. The plan should identify clear scientific priorities, while taking into account technical readiness and financial feasibility of the potential new activities and infrastructures. The unique aspects of the science achievable with accelerator based experiments relative to other approaches should also be emphasized. This event is an integral part of the INFN  "What's Next" process started with the kick-off meeting held in Rome on April 7-8, 2014. Documento (White Paper) in preparazione CSN1 strategy workshop, Elba, Maggio 2014 F. Bedeschi, INFN-Pisa

European Context EU strategy update May 2013 Europe’s top priority should be the exploitation of the full potential of the LHC, including the high-luminosity upgrade. CERN should undertake design studies for accelerator projects in a global context, with emphasis on proton-proton and electron-positron high-energy frontier machines. high-field magnets and high-gradient accelerating structures Europe looks forward to a proposal from Japan to discuss a possible participation. Experiments in Europe with unique reach should be supported, as well as participation in experiments in other regions of the world. CSN1 strategy workshop, Elba, Maggio 2014 F. Bedeschi, INFN-Pisa

An updated strategic plan for the U.S that can be executed in a ten-year timescale, in the context of a twenty-year global vision for the field. Recommendation 10 : Complete the LHC phase-1 upgrades and continue the strong collaboration in the LHC with the phase-2 (HL-LHC) upgrades of the accelerator and both general-purpose experiments (ATLAS and CMS). The LHC upgrades constitute our highest-priority near-term large project.

The charge calls for planning under two specific budget Scenarios, reflecting current fiscal realities, as well as for an additional unconstrained Scenario.

INFN Current activities evolution: LHC Large INFN involvement ~ 500 FTE/ 60% of CSN1 budget: ATLAS/CMS: Phase 1 fully funded and in progress ATLAS/CMS: Phase 2 R&D funded & starting ATLAS/CMS: Phase 2 upgrades under discussion Logical continuation for INFN-LHC community Strong physics case Strong international support in Europe, US and Japan Construction: 2018 – 2025, data: 2026-2035 A long way to get to 3000 fb-1 ..... Is it sustainable? Does TOTEM makes still sense after completion run2 ... (3)? LHCb: Upgrade approved by INFN Construction: now – 2019, data: 2020 - > 2028 ??? How long can it really last? How far can we push flavor physics at LHC? Where does the community go? CSN1 strategy workshop, Elba, Maggio 2014 F. Bedeschi, INFN-Pisa

  PLUS TRIGGER UPGRADE !!!!! CHANGED! Electronic revision: LHCC , 12 March 2013 L’upgrade interessa i rivelatori piu’ importanti: quelli italiani sono Muoni e Rich + nuovo interesse nel TT. Muon non e’ piu’ minimale ….imposto dall’architettura di ReadOut su Tell40  CHANGED! Geometry and optics to be tuned to reduce occupacy at high luminosity PLUS TRIGGER UPGRADE !!!!!

LHCb upgrade (Phase 1) Cronologia eventi rilevanti CSN1 Approvazione Scientifica del progetto in CSN1: giugno 2013 5.560 ME CSN1 alloca, per 2014, 589.5 kE s.j all’approvazione CTS : Settembre 2013 Parere di congruita` espresso dal CTS : Dicembre 2013 CTS believes that the explanations provided by the Collaboration in response to CTS requests have been entirely satisfactory and therefore it recommends the project for the approval. The only warning the Council gives is that the project is recommended on condition that other major Funding Agencies (CERN, France, Germany, Netherlands, Russia, Switzerland, UK, US) involved in the upgrade, will also agree to finance it. Approvazione CD 29 Gennaio 2014 Review progetto da parte dei referee 19-20 Marzo 2014 Referee Status Report : 9 Aprile 2014 Programmazione e richiesta sblocchi : Maggio 2014 Panorama Internazionale -> in fieri ….urgenti alcuni pronunciamenti importanti (UK) Sandra Malvezzi

CMS upgrade (Phase 2) INFN garantisce un finanziamento specifico per l' R&D fase2 articolato su 3 anni e fino ad un massimo di 2.2 MEu. La gestione di questi fondi avverrà tramite una sigla dedicata RD_FASE2 che raccoglie tutte le attività presentate e analizzate dai referees. Temporaneamente i finanziamenti associati a RD_FASE2 sono gestiti dai responsabili nazionali di ATLAS e CMS, ma nel corso della riunione di settembre di CSN1 verra' discussa e finalizzata la struttura di responsabilita’ finale. Sandra Malvezzi

a number of innovative technologies to be explored In order to further increase its discovery potential beyond 2020, LHC would need an upgrade to increase the total number of collisions by a factor of 10. a number of innovative technologies to be explored 11-13T superconducting magnets, Compact/ultraprecise superconducting radio-frequency cavities for beam rotation 300-m-long, high-power superconducting links with zero energy dissipation. new demands on vacuum, cryogenics and machine protection, and will require new concepts for collimation and diagnostics, advanced modelling for the intense beam and novel schemes of beam crossing to maximize the physics output of the collisions.

Con quali forze la sezione di MiB si prepara? Anagrafica ufficiale sezione 2014 in attesa dei numeri definitivi 2015 Ric. 2014 Tec 2014 Persone 2014 FTE 2014 FTE 2015 Preliminare CMS 21 3 24 20.8 18.2 LHCb 7 1 8 5.7 4.9 Totale 28 4 32 26.5 23.1 Gli ultimi 5 anni: FTE 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 CMS 22.2 19.3 16,5 18,3 20.8 18.2 LHCb 5.0 6.5 6.4 5.4 5.7 4.9 UA9 2.7 SuperB 1.5 1.6

Gruppo CMS FPIX Pixel Upgrade Commissioning per Run2 Analisi dati Run1 e preparazione Run2

Gruppo Pixel Milano-Bicocca 2015 8.4 FTE: (6.1 CMS + 2.3 RD_fase2) Ricercatori/tecnologi Qualifica Gruppo I (FTE) RD_F2(FTE) Servizio Calcolo Dinardo Mauro Ric.Univ 0.5 Fiorendi Sara Ph.D 1.0 Gennai Simone Ric. INFN 0.6 0.4 Malvezzi Sandra Prim. Ric. INFN Manzoni Riccardo Menasce Dario Moroni Luigi Dir. Ric. INFN Pedrini Daniele Paolo Dini Tecn. INFN Totale FTE 6.1 2.3 Piu` laureandi

Pixel Upgrade for HL-LHC (aka Phase II) Iniziato gia’ dal 2010 un R&D per la scelta e la qualificazione di un sensore per pixel capace di resistere a dosi dell’ordine di 1016 neq/cm2 FNAL T992 collaboration (MIB + FNAL + al) “Tests of radiation-hard sensors for the HL-LHC” Diamante poli e monocristallino, Si3D, Si planare e sottile, etc Maggior contributi del gruppo MIB (Moroni, Menasce,laureandi) Programmi di ricostruzione tracce e allineamento telescopio Organizzazione & conduzione programma Analisi Gia’ pubblicato un lavoro dettagliato sulle prestazioni e limiti del Diamante “Tracking performance of a single-crystal and a polycrystalline diamond pixel-detector” 2013_JINST_8_P06006, http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/8/06/P06006

RD_FASE2 Naturale confluire nella sigla RD_fase2 Attivita’ previste: Coordinamento attivita' di test beam & irraggiamento Software & DAQ per testbeam di Fermilab Selezione & caratterizzazione dei campioni da testare su fascio Preparazione dei supporti meccanici e altre infrastrutture per irraggiamento Partecipazione alle campagne di test su fascio Analisi dati Possiamo contare sul nostro laboratorio ed in particolare su una stazione di test con laser e tavolo micrometrico X Y con chuck termoregolabile

Attivita` Commissioning 2013/2014 Dinardo

Analisi dati Il gruppo e` stato impegnato nell’analisi dei dati (2011 & 2012) Analisi H →ττ (SM & MSSM & associated production with a single top) Manzoni, Gennai, Malvezzi e laureandi Responsabilita’: SM H TauTau nel canale full hadronic MSSM HTauTau nel canale full hadronic ESP/EPR: trigger t POG Bc (J/y + np) Fiorendi, Dini, Malvezzi e laureandi Responsabilita’ : tutto! ESP/EPR: trigger BPH PAG e m POG Angular analysis and branching ratio measurement of the decay B0 → K∗0μ+μ− Dinardo Responsabilita’: tutto!

H t t The search for Higgs bosons decaying to tau pairs is important for probing the Yukawa couplings in the case of leptons. Ideal experimental signature for MSSM Higgs Pubblicazioni referate: Searches for Higgs bosons in pp collisions at sqrt(S) = 7 and 8 TeV iin tthe context of four-generation and fermiophobic models Phys. Lett. B.725 (2013) 36 Observation of a new boson with mass near 125 GeV in pp collisions at sqrt(S) = 7 and 8 TeV JHEP 1307 (2013) 081 Evidence for the 125 GeV Higgs boson decaying to a pair of tau JHEP 1405 (2014) 104 Evidence for the direct decay of the 125 GeV Higgs boson to fermions Nature Phys. (2014) 10 (dedicated to Lorenzo Foa`) MSSM H->tau tau (full statistics) CDS Record: 1623367( final paper draft) An important open question is whether the new particle also couples to fermions, and in particular to down-type fermions, since the current mea- surements mainly constrain the couplings to the up-type top quark. direct coupling of the 125 GeV Higgs boson to down-type fermions, with an observed significance of 3.8 standard deviations, when 4.4 are expected.

B-Physics B0 → K∗0μ+μ- is a FCNC decay. Suppressed in the SM ( penguin/box diagrams) . Sensitive to new phenomena Angular analysis and branching fraction measurement of the decay B0 → K∗0μ+μ- Phys.Lett.B727 (2013) 77 -analysis of 2012 data is in progress Bc± J/± and J/±± analysis CDS:1632149 ARC Final Reading Bc meson is unique: both b and c quark compete with each other in the decay. Theoretical literature is rich The experimental scenario starts being enriched!! Uniche conferme sperimentali a LHCb; Sezioni d’urto e produzioni in regioni di rapidita’ complementari

All in all per il 2015….. Detector commissioning Analisi: Upgrade: Proseguire con le responsabilita’ sui pixel Analisi: Portare a termine le analisi on going e pubblicare Estendere le analisi BPH@8 TeV (Bc lifetime) Intensificare gli sforzi verso Searches BSM Upgrade: Partecipare a RD_fase2 Continuare nello studio comparato delle prestazioni dei sensori per upgrade di fase II.

Richieste CMSPIX 2015 Totale 137.0 k€ Missioni Interne 8.4 FTE  1 k€/FTE = 8.4 k€ Missioni Estere: 94 k€ (25.4 mu x 3.7.0 k€ ) Metabolismo: 8.4 FTE  1 mu/FTE = 8.4 m.u ESP: 8.0 autori  1.5.0 m.u/autore = 12.0 m.u Pixel Maintenance&Support 2 m.u. L3 2.0 m.u Pixel DB e DQM: 2 m.u L3 2.0 m.u Test beam 1.0 m.u Consumi: 19.6 k€ Metabolismo: 8.4 FTE  1.5 k€/FTE = 12.6 k€ Auto 4.0 k€ Camera pulita 3.0 k€ Sensori RD_Fase 2 15 k€ Totale 137.0 k€