Studio Associato Leone & Spadaro 16 febbraio 2007 UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI NAPOLI FEDERICO II Seminario sulla tutela e valorizzazione dei risultati della ricerca LE BANCHE DATI BREVETTUALI Ing. Mario Leone Studio Associato Leone & Spadaro

Studio Associato Leone & Spadaro LE RICERCHE BREVETTUALI Vengono compiute generalmente sfruttando collezioni documentali accessibili on line Esistono ricerche semplici (nominative o basate su dati bibliografici) o complesse (basate sul contenuto tecnico dei documenti da cercare)

Studio Associato Leone & Spadaro Siti dove è possibile compiere ricerche ESPACENET UFFICIO BREVETTI USA (USPTO) UFFICIO ITALIANO BREVETTI (UIBM) EPOLINE DOMANDE INTERNAZIONALI DI BREVETTO

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Studio Associato Leone & Spadaro Classificazione Internazionale dei Brevetti Le invenzioni vengono ordinate in base alla Classificazione Internazionale dei Brevetti. Questa classificazione serve per facilitare la ricerca di informazioni fra milioni di documenti di brevetto. Attualmente la IPC è costituita da circa unità. Ogni cinque anni questo sistema di classificazione viene adattato allo sviluppo tecnologico e perfezionato di conseguenza. Attualmente è in vigore l7° versione. LIPC è suddivisa nelle seguenti sezioni: A Necessità correnti della vita B Tecniche industriali, trasporti C Chimica, metallurgia D Industria tessile, della carta E Edilizia, industria mineraria F Costruzione meccanica, illuminazione, riscaldamento, armi, esplosivi G Fisica H Elettrotecnica

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Studio Associato Leone & Spadaro ECLA:

Studio Associato Leone & Spadaro EPOLINE epoline è una collezione di programmi e servizi forniti attraverso Internet, attraverso I quali è possibile: Depositare domande di brevetto europeo, domande internazionali,, e qualsiasi documento riguardante la prosecuzione e la concessione di una domanda di brevetto europeo Depositare domande di brevetto europeo, domande internazionali,, e qualsiasi documento riguardante la prosecuzione e la concessione di una domanda di brevetto europeo Monitorare la status e la cd. File history di qualsiasi domanda di brevetto europeo; Monitorare la status e la cd. File history di qualsiasi domanda di brevetto europeo; Accedere a qualunque dato riportato dal Registro dei Brevetti Europei; Accedere a qualunque dato riportato dal Registro dei Brevetti Europei; Consultare notizie e tariffe relative alle domande di brevetto europeo Consultare notizie e tariffe relative alle domande di brevetto europeo

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Studio Associato Leone & Spadaro Example: prior art about systems to prevent the use of mobile phones in public areas First step: determination of the search keywords from the concepts describing the invention, i.e common technical features that may be found in patents relating to this subject. Concept of mobile phone : phone, mobile OR cell* Concept of noise: noise, disturb*, silence (functional but essential feature, goal of the invention) Concept of public space: hospital, cinema, theatre, public (it is rather not possible that an interesting patent does not mention one of these places as examples) Concept of prevention: prevent*, screen* Second step: determination of the relevant class: scan an IPC/ECLA database or carry out a first search with three or four concepts and check which are the classes with more hits (in this case: ECLA H04K3/00 containing few hundreds of documents) The use of all the subclasses may prevent an extensive search

Studio Associato Leone & Spadaro Third step: perform searches using the IPC or ECLA class (not the subclasses) and crossing the first general concept with one of the other three. Check if the three groups of documents has document in common If one or more documents are present in two or three groups, you can store such documents for a further check, because they may disclose features If none of the documents are in common through said groups, there is somthing wrong: check again the patent classification, broaden the class limitation. Absence of evidence is no evidence of absence To get out of a search dead end try to think lateral to find new concepts defining your subject. Possible results of the present search: US Communication inhibiting device and communication inhibiting system WO , A system to deny cellular service at refueling stations EP , Call masking system for mobile telephone WO , Cellular telephone jamming method and device

Studio Associato Leone & Spadaro Example of lateral thinking: earthenware refrigerator It consists of two earthenware pots of different diameters, one placed inside the other. The space between the two pots is filled with wet sand that is kept constantly moist, thereby keeping both pots damp. Fruit, vegetables and other items such as soft drinks are put in the smaller inner pot, which is covered with a damp cloth and left in a very dry, ventilated place. The phenomenon that occurs is based on a simple principle of physics: The water contained in the sand between the two pots evaporates towards the outer surface of the larger pot where the drier outside air is circulated. By virtue of the laws of thermodynamics, the evaporation process automatically causes a drop in temperature of several degrees, cooling the inner container, destroying harmful micro-organisms and preserving the perishable foods inside. An egg stored in such a cooling device can stay fresh for 27 days instead of three; tomatoes and peppers can stay fresh for three weeks or more. This invention has not been patented. Could it have been?

Studio Associato Leone & Spadaro First step: defining the concepts covering this invention. One possible combination is: 1. Refrigerator, cool, cooling, etc. 2. Humid, Moist, etc. 3. Earthenware, pot, etc. A search using the combination cool* earth* moist* yields too many results of which none is relevant. The results show what is called noise: many patents are found but they have nothing to do with the searched subject. These patents relate to extremely diverse fields. Second step: To cover the concept refrigerator, we can check which classification symbol covers refrigerating systems. This symbol retrieval is easy: you enter the word refrigerator as a search query and you check the classification assigned to the retrieved documents. Using this strategy, you quickly find that the F25 Class stands for refrigeration with thousands of documents. Think lateral! To find an additional concept, the conditions of use may be focused. The searched invention is obviously to be used in hot countries where no electrical power is available, meaning that the concept country can certainly be present in such patents. Further step: cross the class F25 with the keywords "country or countries". This combination yields: CH "Cooling box with evaporation A good document: check the classification (F25D7/00) and iter the search with new concepts, e.g. porous (another essential feature)

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Studio Associato Leone & Spadaro Conclusion A good search strategy should lead to reasonable number of documents, all of them having most of the concept in common with the searched invention. If such documents cannot destroy the novelty or the inventive step of the invention, probably such an invention can stand. If only few documents have been retrieved, the search may be incomplete. If the search strategy led to a number of document too high (e.g. more than 100), probably the strategy is wrong Practical tip: in mechanics, the main drawings may be used for exclude most of the non-relevant documents Practical tip: a trademark may lead to the name of a patent owner in the searched field, the name be used for retrieving interesting document or to find out the relevant class Practical tip: a web search with Google may help in retrieving the names of the main producers of a certain item. Such names may be used for retrieving interesting document or to find out the relevant class

Studio Associato Leone & Spadaro Le ricerche nel sito dellUIBM Nel sito dellUfficio Italiano Brevetti e Marchi è possibile recuperare i dati di brevetti italiano. Le parole chiave possono essere il titolare, linventore, parole del titolo, date di deposito, classi, regioni di deposito, priorità. Non possono essere usate parole chiave nel riassunto. É possibile incrociare un numero qualunque di dati ed ottenere un elenco di brevetti o modelli di utilità

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Studio Associato Leone & Spadaro GRAZIE PER LA VOSTRA ATTENZIONE Ing. Mario Leone Studio Associato Leone & Spadaro